Animals are known to be experts at hiding pain and illness; in the wild it is the sick and injured animals who are preyed upon. It is very important that you know your pet's behaviour, and are able to notice drastic changes in their normal routine. These changes may occur gradually or appear very quickly, and by being aware, you, the owner may be able to prevent your pet from unnecessary pain and suffering. Having said that, let me also say that such things as old age or terminal illness or loss of a limb are not necessarily cause for euthanasia; many conditions are controllable and allow your pet to maintain some quality of life. The important words to remember are "quality of life" not quantity, since pets have no concept of time.

Although the following signs do not necessarily mean it's time to euthanize your pet, they should definitely be recognized and discussed with your vet.

- Is your pet showing signs of pain (crying out when touched or moving around)
- Not eating or drinking
- Is your pet in obvious distress
- Does your pet seem withdrawn; does he tend to stay to himself
- Has your pet stopped grooming himself
- Is your pet unable to hold his head up while resting
- Has your pet become incontinent
- Is your pet showing signs of senility
- Has your pet's quality of life deteriorated to a point that he is no longer happy

Making the decision to end your pet's life may very well be THE most difficult and heart-wrenching decision you will have to make in your lifetime. Although the final decision is that of the owner, it is not a decision that should be made without some consideration. Consulting with your veterinarian will help determine if your pet has a treatable illness or it is time to consider euthanasia. It is best to try and schedule an appointment at the end of the day, when your vet will have more time to explain everything to you in detail, such as chances for recovery and potential disabilities. Unless your pet is in severe pain, you should have time to discuss the situation with your family before making the decision.

Some very important questions to ask your veterinarian before making the decision are:

- Is there any medication which will help ease your pet's discomfort or pain
- What are the side effects of these medications, if any
- Is your pet's condition no longer treatable
- What are the physical costs to the pet of keeping him alive
- When your pet has been injured, it is important to know the pet's chances of recovery
- Are there any potential treatment options

Once you have discussed all the options thoroughly with your veterinarian, you will be able to make an informed decision on whether or not euthanization would be the kindest answer.

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